Para comparar dos cosas usamos el comparativo («Madrid is bigger than Toledo») y para destacar una dentro de un grupo, el superlativo («Mulhacén is the highest mountain in mainland Spain»). La forma depende de la longitud del adjetivo.
Objetivos
- Formar el comparativo y el superlativo de adjetivos cortos y largos
- Aplicar las reglas de ortografía (bigger, happier, nicest)
- Usar los irregulares good, bad y far
- Expresar igualdad con as… as y not as… as
1. Adjetivos cortos (una sílaba)
| Adjetivo | Comparativo | Superlativo |
|---|---|---|
| tall | taller than | the tallest |
| nice (termina en -e) | nicer than | the nicest |
| big (cons.-vocal-cons.) | bigger than | the biggest |
| hot | hotter than | the hottest |
El segundo término de la comparación se introduce con than (que): «My brother is taller than me».
2. Adjetivos de dos sílabas en -y y adjetivos largos
- Dos sílabas terminadas en -y: -y → -ier / -iest → happy → happier → the happiest; easy → easier → the easiest.
- Adjetivos de dos o más sílabas (salvo los de -y): more / the most → interesting → more interesting → the most interesting; famous → more famous → the most famous.
Ejemplos
- Maths is more difficult than Art for me.
- This is the most beautiful beach in the area.
- Today is easier than yesterday.
3. Irregulares y el superlativo
| Adjetivo | Comparativo | Superlativo |
|---|---|---|
| good (bueno) | better than | the best |
| bad (malo) | worse than | the worst |
| far (lejos) | farther / further than | the farthest / furthest |
4. Igualdad: as… as
Para decir que dos cosas son iguales se usa as + adjetivo + as (tan… como); en negativa, not as… as (no tan… como).
Ejemplo
- Laura is as tall as her mother. (igual de alta)
- The film is not as good as the book. (= the book is better)
Recuerda
- Cortos: -er than / the -est (taller, the tallest).
- -y: -ier / -iest (happier, the happiest).
- Largos: more… than / the most… (more interesting).
- Irregulares: good-better-best, bad-worse-worst, far-further-furthest.
- Igualdad: as… as; desigualdad: not as… as.
¡Ahora te toca a ti!
Comprueba que lo has entendido con los ejercicios y repasa con el resumen.