Para contar lo que pasó ayer, el fin de semana pasado o en tus vacaciones necesitas el past simple. Empezamos por el pasado de to be (was / were) y por los verbos regulares, que forman el pasado añadiendo -ed: «I was at home. I watched a film».
Objetivos
- Usar was / were en afirmativa, negativa e interrogativa
- Formar el pasado de los verbos regulares con -ed
- Aplicar las reglas ortográficas de -ed
- Situar acciones en el pasado con yesterday, last… y …ago
1. El pasado de to be: was / were
| I / he / she / it | you / we / they | |
|---|---|---|
| Afirmativa | I was tired. | We were at the beach. |
| Negativa | She wasn’t (was not) at school. | They weren’t (were not) happy. |
| Pregunta | Was he late? | Were you at home? |
| Respuesta corta | Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. | Yes, we were. / No, we weren’t. |
2. Verbos regulares: -ed
En afirmativa, los verbos regulares añaden -ed y tienen la misma forma para todas las personas: I played, she played, they played.
| Regla | Ejemplos |
|---|---|
| En general: + ed | walk → walked, play → played, watch → watched |
| Acabado en -e: + d | like → liked, dance → danced, live → lived |
| Consonante + y: y → ied | study → studied, try → tried, carry → carried |
| Vocal + y: + ed | play → played, enjoy → enjoyed |
| Consonante-vocal-consonante (sílaba tónica): dobla | stop → stopped, plan → planned, chat → chatted |
- Pronunciación de -ed: /t/ tras sonidos sordos (walked, watched); /d/ en general (played, lived); /ɪd/ solo tras t o d (wanted, needed).
3. Negativas, preguntas y expresiones de tiempo
| Ejemplo | |
|---|---|
| Negativa: didn’t + verbo base | I didn’t watch TV yesterday. |
| Pregunta: Did + sujeto + verbo base | Did you visit your grandparents? |
| Respuesta corta | Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. |
- yesterday (ayer), yesterday morning
- last night / week / summer / year (anoche, la semana pasada…)
- two days ago, a year ago (hace dos días, hace un año)
- in 2020, in the past
Recuerda
- I / he / she / it was; you / we / they were.
- Regulares: verbo + -ed, igual para todas las personas.
- liked, studied, stopped: cuidado con la ortografía.
- Negativa didn’t + base; pregunta Did + sujeto + base.
- yesterday, last week, three days ago.
¡Ahora te toca a ti!
Comprueba que lo has entendido con los ejercicios y repasa con el resumen.